ISSN: 1837-9664Journal of Cancer
Global reach, higher impact
J Cancer 2020; 11(22):6484-6490. doi:10.7150/jca.40428 This issue Cite
Research Paper
Survival outcomes of low prostate-specific antigen levels and T stages in patients with high-grade prostate cancer: a population-matched study
1. Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
2. Department of Urology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, Sichuan Province, China.
*These authors contributed equally to this study.
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the prostate cancer-specific survival (PCSS) of low T stages or low prostate-specific antigens (PSA) levels in men with high-grade prostate cancer.
Materials and Methods: Patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer (T1-4N0M0) and Gleason score 8-10 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2004-2010 were identified. These men were stratified by T stages (T1, T2, T3a, T3b-4) and PSA levels (<4.0 ng/ml, 4.0-10.0 ng/ml, 10.1-20.0 ng/ml, >20.0 ng/ml). Propensity-score matching (PSM) was conducted to balance the covariates. Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariable Cox regressions were performed to analyze the PCSS in different T stage or PSA levels groups.
Results: A total of 33231 patients aging 69(62~76) years were identified. The overall cohort results showed that the PCSS of T1 group was significantly worse than that of T2 and T3a groups [T2 HR: 0.62(0.57~0.67); T3 HR: 0.70(0.63~0.77)]. There were no significant difference between T2 and T3a groups [T2 HR: 0.98 (0.91~1.05)]. The PSA <4.0 ng/ml group had significantly worse PCSS than PSA 4.0-10.0 ng/ml [PSA 4.0-10.0 ng/ml HR: 0.77(0.68~0.88)]. PSM methods were implemented in the comparison of T1 vs T2, T1 vs T3a, T2 vs T3a. and PSA< 4.0 ng/ml vs PSA 4.0-10.0 ng/ml, The results in these matched cohorts showed that T1 group was associated with significantly worse PCSS than T2 group [T1 HR: 1.31(1.20~1.44)] and T3a group [T1 HR: 1.33(1.16~1.52)]. There were no significant differences between T2 and T3a groups [T3a HR: 1.14(0.99~1.32)]. The PCSS of patients with PSA< 4.0 ng/ml was significantly worse that these with PSA 4.0-10.0 ng/ml in the matched cohort [PSA< 4.0 ng/ml HR: 1.3(1.08~1.56)].
Conclusions: For patients with high-grade PCa, the PCSS of patients seems to be worse in the T1 stage than those in T2 and T3a stages. Patients with PSA <4.0 ng/ml appears to have poorer prognosis than those with PSA 4.0-10.0 ng/ml.
Keywords: Prostate cancer, Gleason score, Prostate-specific antigen, T stage, Prognosis
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