ISSN: 1837-9664Journal of Cancer
Global reach, higher impact
J Cancer 2023; 14(9):1470-1478. doi:10.7150/jca.82876 This issue Cite
Research Paper
Clinical Characteristics and Oncological Outcomes of Surgically Treated Early-Onset Gastric Adenocarcinoma - a Retrospective Cohort Study
1. Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
2. Division of Translational Pediatric Sarcoma Research (B410), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) & Hopp-Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
3. Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
4. Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
* Contributed equally
Abstract
Introduction: The incidence of early-onset gastric adenocarcinoma (patients <50 years, EOGA) is rising. Tumors in younger patients are associated with prognostically unfavorable features. The impact of EOGA on patient survival, however, remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate early-onset age as a prognostic factor compared to late-onset gastric adenocarcinoma (LOGA, >50years) in a surgical cohort and assess treatment options.
Methods: We analyzed 738 patients (129 early-onset/609 late-onset) operated in curative intent from 2002 to 2021. Data was extracted from a prospectively managed database of an academic tertiary referral hospital. Differences in perioperative as well as oncological outcomes were calculated by chi-square test. Cox regression analysis was performed to assess disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).
Results: EOGA patients were more often treated with neoadjuvant therapy (62.8% vs. 43.7%, p<0.001) and extended surgical resections e.g. through additional resections (36.4% vs. 26.8%, p=0.027). EOGA was more often metastasized into regional lymph nodes (pN+ 67.4% vs. 55.3%, p=0.012) and to distant sites (pM+: 23.3% vs. 12.0%, p=0.001) and was more often poorly differentiated (G3/G4: 91.1% vs. 67.2%, p<0.001). There were no significant differences in overall complication rates (31.0% vs. 36.6%, p=0.227). Survival analysis showed shorter DFS (median DFS 25.6 months vs. not reached, p=0.006) but similar OS (median OS: 50.5 months vs. not reached, p=0.920) in EOGA compared to LOGA.
Conclusions: This analysis confirmed that EOGA is associated with more aggressive tumor characteristics. Early-Onset was not a prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis. EOGA patients may be more capable to undergo intensive multimodal therapy including perioperative chemotherapy and extended surgery.
Keywords: early-onset, young, gastric cancer, adenocarcinoma, surgery
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