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J Cancer 2011; 2:107-115. doi:10.7150/jca.2.107 This volume Cite

Review

Human Cancer Classification: A Systems Biology- Based Model Integrating Morphology, Cancer Stem Cells, Proteomics, and Genomics

Halliday A Idikio^✉

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, ALBERTA T6G 2B7, CANADA

✉ Corresponding author: Halliday Idikio MD, FRCPC, University of Alberta, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 5B4.11 Walter MacKenzie Health Sciences Center, 8440-112 th Street, Edmonton, ALBERTA T6G 2B7, CANADA. Telephone 1-780-407-7271; Fax 1-780-407-3009; E-mail hidikioca More

Abstract

Human cancer classification is currently based on the idea of cell of origin, light and electron microscopic attributes of the cancer. What is not yet integrated into cancer classification are the functional attributes of these cancer cells. Recent innovative techniques in biology have provided a wealth of information on the genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic changes in cancer cells. The emergence of the concept of cancer stem cells needs to be included in a classification model to capture the known attributes of cancer stem cells and their potential contribution to treatment response, and metastases. The integrated model of cancer classification presented here incorporates all morphology, cancer stem cell contributions, genetic, and functional attributes of cancer. Integrated cancer classification models could eliminate the unclassifiable cancers as used in current classifications. Future cancer treatment may be advanced by using an integrated model of cancer classification.

Keywords: Human Cancer, Cancer Stem cells, Multiple Omics, Integrated Classification

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