Epigenetic dysregulation of <i>NKD2</i> is a valuable predictor assessing treatment outcome in acute myeloid leukemia

Li, Xi-xi; Zhou, Jing-dong; Zhang, Ting-juan; Yang, Lei; Wen, Xiang-mei; Ma, Ji-chun; Yang, Jing; Zhang, Zhi-hui; Lin, Jiang; Qian, Jun

doi:10.7150/jca.16914

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J Cancer 2017; 8(3):460-468. doi:10.7150/jca.16914 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Epigenetic dysregulation of NKD2 is a valuable predictor assessing treatment outcome in acute myeloid leukemia

Xi-xi Li^1*, Jing-dong Zhou^1*, Ting-juan Zhang¹, Lei Yang¹, Xiang-mei Wen², Ji-chun Ma², Jing Yang¹, Zhi-hui Zhang¹, Jiang Lin^2✉, Jun Qian^1✉

1. Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China;
2. Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
*These authors contributed equally to this work.

Citation:

Li Xx, Zhou Jd, Zhang Tj, Yang L, Wen Xm, Ma Jc, Yang J, Zhang Zh, Lin J, Qian J. Epigenetic dysregulation of NKD2 is a valuable predictor assessing treatment outcome in acute myeloid leukemia. J Cancer 2017; 8(3):460-468. doi:10.7150/jca.16914. https://www.jcancer.org/v08p0460.htm

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Abstract

AIM: The present study was aimed to investigate NKD2 expression as well as promoter methylation and further analyze their clinical significance in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

METHODS: Real-time quantitative PCR was carried out to detect the pattern of NKD2 expression in 113 AML patients and 24 controls. Real-time quantitative methylation-specific PCR (RQ-MSP) and bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP) were carried out to detect NKD2 promoter methylation in 101 AML patients and 24 controls with available DNA.

RESULTS: The level of NKD2 transcript in AML patients was significantly down-regulated as compared with controls (P=0.039). NKD2 methylation level in AML patients was significantly higher than controls (P=0.044). Moreover, NKD2 methylation negatively correlated with NKD2 expression in AML patients (R=-0.218, P=0.029). Furthermore, demethylation of NKD2 could increase NKD2 expression in the leukemic cell line THP1 (P<0.05). NKD2 low-expressed and high-expressed patients showed no statistical significance in complete remission (CR) rate among cytogenetically normal AML (CN-AML). However, low NKD2 expression was associated with shorter overall survival (OS) time and acted as independent risk factor in CN-AML according to Kaplan-Meier (P=0.029) and Cox regression analyses (P=0.022). Furthermore, gene expression (GEP) data also confirmed the prognostic value of NKD2 expression in CN-AML patients. Moreover, NKD2 showed significantly increased level in post-CR than initial diagnosis in follow-up AML patients (P=0.024).

CONCLUSION: Decreased NKD2 expression inactivated by promoter hypermethylation is a common event in AML and is associated with adverse outcome in CN-AML patients.

Keywords: NKD2, expression, methylation, prognosis, acute myeloid leukemia.

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APA

Li, X.x., Zhou, J.d., Zhang, T.j., Yang, L., Wen, X.m., Ma, J.c., Yang, J., Zhang, Z.h., Lin, J., Qian, J. (2017). Epigenetic dysregulation of NKD2 is a valuable predictor assessing treatment outcome in acute myeloid leukemia. Journal of Cancer, 8(3), 460-468. https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.16914.

ACS

Li, X.x.; Zhou, J.d.; Zhang, T.j.; Yang, L.; Wen, X.m.; Ma, J.c.; Yang, J.; Zhang, Z.h.; Lin, J.; Qian, J. Epigenetic dysregulation of NKD2 is a valuable predictor assessing treatment outcome in acute myeloid leukemia. J. Cancer 2017, 8 (3), 460-468. DOI: 10.7150/jca.16914.

NLM

CSE

Li Xx, Zhou Jd, Zhang Tj, Yang L, Wen Xm, Ma Jc, Yang J, Zhang Zh, Lin J, Qian J. 2017. Epigenetic dysregulation of NKD2 is a valuable predictor assessing treatment outcome in acute myeloid leukemia. J Cancer. 8(3):460-468.

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