J Cancer 2017; 8(10):1884-1891. doi:10.7150/jca.17595 This issue Cite

Review

The tumor microenvironment and inflammatory breast cancer

Aji Huang1, Shousong Cao2, Lili Tang1✉

1. Department of Breast Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China;
2. Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.

Citation:
Huang A, Cao S, Tang L. The tumor microenvironment and inflammatory breast cancer. J Cancer 2017; 8(10):1884-1891. doi:10.7150/jca.17595. https://www.jcancer.org/v08p1884.htm
Other styles

File import instruction

Abstract

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare and very aggressive subtype of breast cancer with clinical manifestations similar to acute inflammation. The prognosis of IBC is still poor even though combination therapy with surgery, chemotherapy, and target therapy, mainly due to a lack of fully understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of IBC pathogenesis and progression. In the present article, we have comprehensively reviewed the connection of the pathogenesis of IBC and inflammation, immune reaction and cancer, particularly focused on the role and mechanism of tumor microenvironment related to IBC formation, tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis as well as the clinical manifestations of IBC. As the diverse cells including inflammatory cells, immune cells, and tumor cells and the soluble molecules produced by these cells in the microenvironment play an essential role in IBC development and progression. Therefore, anti-inflammatory therapy and immunotherapy with available agents warrant further investigation in the treatment of IBC.

Keywords: tumor microenvironment, inflammatory breast cancer


Citation styles

APA
Huang, A., Cao, S., Tang, L. (2017). The tumor microenvironment and inflammatory breast cancer. Journal of Cancer, 8(10), 1884-1891. https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.17595.

ACS
Huang, A.; Cao, S.; Tang, L. The tumor microenvironment and inflammatory breast cancer. J. Cancer 2017, 8 (10), 1884-1891. DOI: 10.7150/jca.17595.

NLM
Huang A, Cao S, Tang L. The tumor microenvironment and inflammatory breast cancer. J Cancer 2017; 8(10):1884-1891. doi:10.7150/jca.17595. https://www.jcancer.org/v08p1884.htm

CSE
Huang A, Cao S, Tang L. 2017. The tumor microenvironment and inflammatory breast cancer. J Cancer. 8(10):1884-1891.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY-NC) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.
Popup Image